Value-date correction: camt.087 and camt.027

A value-date correction fixes a payment that was posted with the wrong value date, and the ISO 20022 message for it is camt.087, the request to modify the value date, with camt.027 as the claim for a non-receipt that often triggers it. A payment that was value dated Monday when it should have been value dated Friday has underpaid or overpaid interest for three days, and the correction must pay or reclaim that interest, with the amount calculated on the payment amount, the rate and the number of days. Source: ISO 20022, camt.087 and camt.027 message definitions; European Payments Council, SEPA Credit Transfer Rulebook 2025, version 1. 1, effective 5 October 2025. The parties who can claim and the timelines they must meet are set by the scheme and the message definition. A camt.027 claim non-receipt is sent by the creditor agent or the creditor, when a payment that was expected has not arrived, and it asks the debtor agent to investigate and to confirm whether the payment was sent, and if so, when and with what value date. A camt.087 value-date correction is sent by the debtor agent or the creditor agent, when the value date on a payment was wrong, and it asks the receiving bank to correct the value date and to adjust the interest. A business analyst must state who can send each message, to whom, within what timeline, and what the response must contain. A worked example shows the correction in numbers. The beneficiary was deprived of EUR 200,000 for three days, and at an interest rate of 3 percent per annum the interest lost is EUR 200,000 multiplied by 3 percent multiplied by 3 days divided by 360, which is EUR 50. The creditor bank sends a camt.027. The debtor bank investigates, confirms the error, and sends a camt.087 requesting the value date to be corrected to Friday 6 November, with a compensating interest payment of EUR 50 to the beneficiary. The correction posts as a debit to interest expense and a credit to the beneficiary account, with the original payment entry left unchanged, and the audit trail shows the error and the correction. The messages carry specific fields that must be completed correctly, or the correction will be rejected. The camt.027 carries the expected payment details, the expected value date, the amount, and the claim identifier, so the receiving bank can find the original payment. The response to a camt.087 is a camt.025 receipt or a camt.029 resolution of investigation, confirming whether the correction was accepted or rejected, and the reason. A correction that is sent without the original message identifier cannot be matched, and a correction that asks for a value date in the future, or for a date that is not a business day, will be rejected, and the rejection must be communicated to the customer with the correct value date. Failure in value-date correction is a second error on top of the first, and the handling is strict. A correction that is applied to the wrong payment, because the message identifier was wrong, will correct the wrong value date and create a new break, and the fix is to reverse the wrong correction and to apply the right one, with both corrections visible in the audit trail. A claim non-receipt that is sent for a payment that was in fact sent, but with a different value date, must be answered with the correct value date and the evidence, not with a duplicate payment, because sending the payment again would duplicate it. The effect on the bank, the customer and operations is that a value-date error is a customer detriment and a regulatory risk. For the customer, three days of lost interest on EUR 200,000 is EUR 50, and on EUR 20 million it is EUR 5,000, so the amount scales with the payment, and a corporate customer will claim it. For the bank, a wrong value date misstates the interest it pays and receives, and a pattern of value-date errors is a control failure that the auditor and the regulator will ask about. A business analyst must specify the case lifecycle, the timelines, the interest calculation and the customer communication for every value-date correction. For a business analyst, product owner or subject matter expert, the test is to walk a value-date error from discovery to correction and to name every message, every posting and every timeline. Ask who discovers the error, how it is discovered, who sends the camt.027, who sends the camt.087, what the interest calculation is, and how the customer is told. Ask how the correction is reported, whether it is a single correction or a bulk correction, and how the bulk correction is reconciled. The ISO 20022 camt.087 and camt.027 message definitions are the source for the fields, and the SEPA rulebooks are the source for the timelines, and both must be cited with version and effective date. Two mistakes are common and must be avoided. The first is to correct a value date by editing the original posting, which destroys the audit trail, because the original error and the correction must both be visible, and the auditor will treat an edited posting as a control failure. The correct design is to leave the original posting unchanged, to send a camt.087 with the correct value date, to post a separate compensating interest entry, and to link the original payment, the claim, the correction and the interest payment in a single case, so that any reviewer can trace the whole story from the first error to the final correction. Takeaway: a wrong value date is corrected with a camt.087, a missing payment is claimed with a camt.027, and the correction must include a compensating interest adjustment calculated on the amount, the rate and the days. Never edit the original posting, and never correct the date without the interest. Further reading: ISO 20022, camt.087 Request to Modify Value Date and camt.027 Claim Non-Receipt message definitions; European Payments Council, SEPA Credit Transfer Rulebook 2025, version 1.1, effective 5 October 2025. Last reviewed 7 November 2026.